sattvam rajas tama iti gunah prakriti-sambhavah। nibadhnanti maha-baho dehe dehinam avyayam॥ 14.5 ॥

Sri Krishna said: O Arjuna, Material nature consists of three modes—goodness, passion and ignorance. When the eternal living entity comes in contact with nature,  he becomes conditioned by these modes.

tatra sattvam nirmalatvat prakasakam anamayam। sukha-sangena badhnati jnana-sangena chanagha॥ 14.6 ॥

Sri Krishna said: O Arjuna, the mode of goodness, being purer than the others, is illuminating, and it frees one from all sinful reactions. Those situated in that mode become conditioned by a sense of happiness and knowledge.

rajo ragatmakam viddhi trsna-sanga-samudbhavam। tan nibadhnati kaunteya karma-sangena dehinam॥ 14.7 ॥

Sri Krishna said: O Arjuna, The mode of passion is born of unlimited desires and longings, and because of this, the embodied living entity is bound to material fruit producing actions.

tamas tv ajnana-jam viddhi mohanam sarva-dehinam। pramadalasya-nidrabhis tan nibadhnati bharata॥ 14.8 ॥

Sri Krishna said: O Arjuna, know that the mode of darkness, born of ignorance, is the delusion of all embodied living entities. The results of this mode are madness, indolence and sleep, which bind the conditioned soul.

sattvam sukhe sanjayati rajah karmani bharata। jnanam avrtya tu tamah pramade sanjayaty uta॥ 14.9 ॥

Sri Krishna said: O Arjuna, the mode of goodness conditions one to happiness; passion conditions one to fruit producing action; and ignorance, covering one’s knowledge, binds one to madness.